Non-perturbative positive Lyapunov exponent of Schrödinger equations and its applications to skew-shift mapping

We first study the discrete Schrödinger equations with analytic potentials given by a class of transformations. It is shown that if the coupling number is large, then the Lyapunov exponent equals approximately to the logarithm of this coupling number. When the transformation becomes the skew-shift mapping, we prove that the Lyapunov exponent is weak Hölder continuous, and the spectrum satisfies Anderson Localization and contains large intervals. Moreover, all of these conclusions are non-perturbative.     

Two-dimensional vortex sheets for the nonisentropic Euler equations: Nonlinear stability

We show the short-time existence and nonlinear stability of vortex sheets for the nonisentropic compressible Euler equations in two spatial dimensions, based on the weakly linear stability result of Morando and Trebeschi (2008) [20]. The missing normal derivatives are compensated through the equations of the linearized vorticity and entropy when deriving higher-order energy estimates. The proof of the resolution for this nonlinear problem follows from certain a priori tame estimates on the effective linear problem in the usual Sobolev spaces and a suitable Nash–Moser iteration scheme.     

Development of Lysosome-Targeted Fluorescent Probes for Cys by Regulating the Boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) Molecular Structure

Our previous discovery suggested that substituents on the 1,7 positions delicately modulate the sensing ability of the meso-arylmercapto boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) to biothiols. In this work, the impact of delicate modulations on the sensing ability is investigated. Therefore, 1,7-dimethyl, 3,5-diaryl substituted BODIPY is designed and developed and its conformationally restricted species with a meso-arylmercapto moiety ( DM-BDP-SAr and DM-BDP-R-SAr ) as selective fluorescent probes for Cys. Moreover, the lysosome-target probes ( Lyso-S and Lyso-D ) based on DM-BDP-SAr carrying one or two morpholinoethoxy moieties were developed. They were able to detect Cys selectively in vitro with low detection limits. Both Lyso-S and Lyso-D localized nicely in lysosomes in living HeLa cells and exhibited red fluorescence for Cys. Moreover, a novel fluorescence quenching mechanism was proposed from the calculations by density functional theory (DFT). The probes may go through intersystem crossing (from singlet excited state to triplet excited state) to result in fluorescence quenching.     

Selective Excitation of Band Extrema in Valley Photonic Crystals

Flexible control of building blocks of photonic crystals enables achieving desirable band structures. Exploration of photonic band extrema has brought many fantastic features to design artificial optical materials, such as Brillouin‐zone‐corner extrema for valley photonic materials and zone‐center extremum for zero‐index metamaterials. However, two such kinds of extrema are always found independently in different photonic crystals. In this work, a kind of valley photonic crystals possessing both zone‐center and zone‐corner band extrema almost at the same frequency is proposed. Inspired by antennas theory, a three‐antenna array (TAA) source is devoted to individually manipulate each extremum. The correlation coefficient is given to determine the coupling efficiency between the TAA source and extrema eigenmodes. By using a source with a high correlation coefficient, these extrema bulk states are selectively excited consistent with their eigenfields. Furthermore, three control cases are shown that multiple extrema points are simultaneously excited, in order to confirm the validity of the correlation coefficient. Finally, a potential application of a beam‐steering device is proposed through selective excitation of ternary extrema. This work develops binary valley states into ternary mix states, rendering more degrees of freedom for on‐chip optical information transport, particularly for beam steering and mode division multiplexing.     

棒状LiZnPO4的低温合成与表征

LiZnPO₄的性能与其形貌密切相关,其合成常用的固相法和水热法均无控制其微观形貌的优势。 本文采用改进的沉淀法成功合成了具有棒状结构的LiZnPO₄。 利用热重-差热分析仪(TG-DSC)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)以及场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)等技术研究了LiZnPO₄形成过程、晶相组成、微观结构和形貌。 同时探究了合成方法、煅烧温度、煅烧时间、酸的种类对LiZnPO₄形貌的影响。 结果表明,相比较于固相法,以醋酸为原料的改进沉淀法不仅可以有效降低LiZnPO₄的合成温度至500 ℃,而且很容易控制棒状LiZnPO₄的形成。 在600 ℃下煅烧2 h后可以获得分散性良好、横截面为矩形、直径约为2 μm的规则棒状LiZnPO₄。 此外,对比颗粒状LiZnPO₄和棒状LiZnPO₄的光响应能力,发现棒状LiZnPO₄的光响应能力明显增强。     

Continuous and Segmented Semiconducting Fiber-like Nanostructures with Spatially Selective Functionalization by Living Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly

Fiber-like π-conjugated nanostructures are important components of flexible organic electronic and optoelectronic devices. To broaden the range of potential applications, one needs to control not only the length of these nanostructures, but the introduction of diverse functionality with spatially selective control. Here we report the synthesis of a crystalline-coil block copolymer of oligo(p-phenylenevinylene)-b-poly(2-vinylpyridine) (OPV₅-b-P2VP₄₄), in which the basicity and coordinating/chelating ability of the P2VP segment provide a landscape for the incorporation of a variety of functional inorganic NPs. Through a self-seeding strategy, we were able to prepare monodisperse fiber-like micelles of OPV₅-b-P2VP₄₄ with lengths ranging from 50 to 800 nm. Significantly, the exposed two ends of OPV core of these fiber-like micelles remained active toward further epitaxial deposition of OPV₅-b-PNIPAM₄₉ and OPV₅-b-P2VP₄₄ to generate uniform A-B-A and B-A-B-A-B segmented block comicelles with tunable lengths for each block. The P2VP domains in these (co-)micelles can be selectively decorated with inorganic and polymeric nanoparticles as well as metal oxide coatings, to afford hybrid fiber-like nanostructures. This work provides a versatile strategy toward the fabrication of narrow length dispersity continuous and segmented π-conjugated OPV-containing fiber-like micelles with the capacity to be decorated in a spatially selective way with varying functionalities.     

CdS/沸石分子筛复合光催化剂的制备及光催化性能

以煤矸石为原料,经Na2CO3碱熔活化和水热合成获得了沸石分子筛;利用Cd2+对沸石分子筛进行离子交换并通过沉淀过程制得了CdS/沸石分子筛复合粉体.采用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对所得样品进行表征,并以模拟太阳光为光源,罗丹明B (RhB)为目标降解物,对其光催化活性进行了研究.结果显示:沸石分子筛上负载的CdS的晶相为立方相,制得的CdS/沸石分子筛复合粉体具有较好的光催化活性,且三次循环利用后仍具有较好的催化活性,在模拟太阳光辐照下,CdS/zeolite(0.5 M)复合粉体重复利用3次后,处理260 min对RhB的降解率仍可达91.3;.所得粉体对RhB的光催化过程符合一级动力学方程式,光催化过程中,RhB 紫外可见光谱的蓝移现象揭示所得CdS/沸石分子筛可通过脱乙基-共轭显色基团断裂途径降解RhB.     

GZO/Al复合背电极对非晶硅太阳能电池的影响

随着能源紧缺与环境污染问题的日益严重,太阳能的开发利用越来越受到重视,其中非晶硅薄膜太阳能电池由于其制备工艺简单、价格低廉等优点被广泛地研究.为了使非晶硅薄膜太阳能电池得到更好地利用,提高其转换效率和稳定性显得尤为重要.引入复合背电极是提高非晶硅太阳能电池性能的有效手段,其中对GZO/Al复合背电极的研究还未见报道.在该工作中,利用磁控溅射法在非晶硅电池上制备了GZO/Al复合背电极,研究了复合背电极的制备条件及其对非晶硅太阳能电池性能的影响.结果显示,当GZO层的溅射功率为90 W、Al层的溅射功率为90 W时,具有复合背电极的太阳能电池表现出较好的光电转换性能,其短路电流(ISC)、开路电压(VOC)、填充因子(FF)和电池的光电转换效率(η)分别为8.92 mA、1.55 V、54.48;和7.53;.相较于单层Al背电极的太阳能电池,其光电转换效率大幅提高了47.6;(相对效率).     

氮掺杂纳米氧化锌的制备及其光催化去除水中2,4,6-三氯苯酚

以尿素为氮源,用溶胶-凝胶法制备了氮掺杂纳米氧化锌(N-ZnO),用FT-IR、UV-Vis、PL、XRD和XPS对N-ZnO的微观结构和性能进行了表征.以2,4,6-三氯苯酚(TCP)作为目标污染物,研究了N-ZnO在可见光下的催化性能.结果表明:掺杂后,N-ZnO的氧空位缺陷增多,N-ZnO光响应波长向可见光区移动,掺杂摩尔比为0.25时,N-ZnO的光催化性能最好(91;).